Nephrology

When to Consult a Nephrologist

A nephrology consultation is recommended for:

• High blood pressure (hypertension), difficult to control
• Swelling (edema) of the legs, face, or around the eyes
• Changes in urination, frequency, color, or amount
• Protein or blood in the urine
• Chronic kidney disease (CKD) or acute kidney injury (AKI)
• Kidney infections or glomerulonephritis
• Diabetic or hypertensive nephropathy
• Preparation for dialysis or kidney transplantation

How to Prepare for a Nephrology Consultation

1. Bring previous lab results, creatinine, urea, electrolytes, urinalysis.
2. Bring ultrasound or imaging studies of the kidneys and urinary tract.
3. Prepare a list of medications and supplements you take regularly.
4. Record blood pressure readings if you monitor them at home.
5. Write down your symptoms, when they started and how they’ve progressed.

What to Expect During the Examination

The appointment begins with a detailed medical history and discussion of symptoms.
A physical examination follows, with measurement of blood pressure and assessment for swelling.
The nephrologist may order additional laboratory and imaging tests to evaluate kidney function.

After reviewing the results, the doctor provides an individualized treatment plan, which may include dietary recommendations, medications, and lifestyle adjustments to preserve kidney health and prevent progression of disease.